Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Adult literacy remains a significant challenge in many parts of Nigeria, especially in regions affected by conflicts such as Borno State. In Maiduguri Metropolitan Council (MMC), adult illiteracy rates are notably high, primarily due to prolonged insurgency, limited educational resources, and socio-cultural barriers. In response, radio has emerged as a critical tool for development communication, particularly in promoting adult literacy programs. Radio's wide reach, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility make it an ideal medium for addressing education gaps in rural and conflict-affected areas (Ali & Mohammed, 2023). Over the years, radio campaigns have been used to disseminate educational content and raise awareness about the importance of literacy among adults, focusing on practical skills, job readiness, and civic participation. This study explores the effectiveness of radio campaigns in promoting adult literacy in MMC, analyzing the reach, impact, and challenges of these campaigns in fostering educational empowerment for adults.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Despite the efforts to promote adult literacy through various media platforms, including radio, the literacy rate in Maiduguri remains low. Factors such as access to education, lingering effects of insurgency, and cultural attitudes toward adult learning have hindered the success of literacy programs (Salihu & Usman, 2023). Radio campaigns, although widely broadcasted, may not have reached all segments of the population or may have failed to engage communities effectively. This study seeks to assess how radio campaigns have contributed to adult literacy promotion in Maiduguri, examining their effectiveness in changing attitudes toward learning and increasing literacy rates among adults.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To evaluate the effectiveness of radio campaigns in promoting adult literacy in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council.
To assess the level of awareness and participation in adult literacy programs resulting from radio campaigns.
To identify the challenges faced by radio campaigns in promoting adult literacy in Maiduguri.
1.4 Research Questions
How effective have radio campaigns been in promoting adult literacy in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council?
What level of awareness and participation in adult literacy programs can be attributed to radio campaigns in Maiduguri?
What challenges hinder the effectiveness of radio campaigns in promoting adult literacy in the region?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
Radio campaigns have significantly contributed to increasing adult literacy in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council.
There is a high level of awareness about adult literacy programs among residents of Maiduguri due to radio campaigns.
Socio-cultural and infrastructural challenges hinder the effectiveness of radio campaigns in promoting adult literacy.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will provide valuable insights into the role of radio in promoting adult literacy in Maiduguri, which can be instrumental in shaping future literacy programs across conflict-affected regions in Nigeria. The findings will help policymakers, educational practitioners, and media professionals design more effective campaigns that leverage radio as a tool for education and empowerment.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on the effectiveness of radio campaigns promoting adult literacy in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Borno State. It does not cover other areas outside MMC or broader educational challenges beyond adult literacy.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Adult Literacy: The ability of individuals aged 15 and above to read, write, and comprehend written materials, especially to meet the demands of everyday life.
Radio Campaign: A strategic use of radio broadcasts to promote awareness, inform, or change attitudes regarding a specific social issue, in this case, adult literacy.
Development Communication: The strategic use of communication tools to promote social change, particularly in areas of education, health, and social empowerment.
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